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Sukmawati aside, few Indonesians would dare to change their religion

  • Sukarno’s daughter may have converted from Islam to Hinduism but for ordinary Indonesians to do so is to take a great risk, as Johannes Nugroho found out
  • For those who can get past the bureaucratic stone wall, social ostracism – and in some cases even jail – can await

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Johannes Nugroho’s grandparents with other members of Surabaya’s first Chinese Protestant congregation, circa 1950s. Photo: Johannes Nugroho
On October 26, Sukmawati Sukarnoputri, a daughter of Indonesia’s founding president Sukarno, converted from Islam to Hinduism. It is rare enough for ordinary Indonesians to change the religion into which they were born. So when a member of the country’s elite forsook her majority religion for a minority one, it inevitably became a cause célèbre.

In response, Indonesians took to social media to express their views on the matter with most Muslims expressing their disapproval, though some came to her defence.

Controversy aside, Sukarnoputri faced no administrative obstacle to her conversion. Nor was her family opposed to it. She claimed that her three children and siblings had all given their blessings. It is difficult to avoid the conclusion that her hassle-free conversion owed much to her family’s political and social standing.

For most Indonesians, however, changing one’s religion can be a perilous business, which explains why in the last 10 years the percentage of Indonesians who profess to be Muslims has not changed much, at roughly 87 per cent. For the few who choose to convert or abandon their religion altogether, the process is often fraught with administrative difficulties and social stigma.

I experienced this first-hand several years ago when I tried to change the listing of my religion on my government-issued ID Card (KTP).

Born and raised in a Christian Indonesian-Chinese family, I was repeatedly reminded by my parents that we were fourth-generation Christians. My great grandparents from both paternal and maternal sides had converted to Protestant Christianity back in China, before my grandparents’ eventual migration to Indonesia.
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