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Banking & finance
Opinion
Anthony Rowley

MacroscopePumped-up stock markets are no indication of a country’s economic health

  • Stock market prices in Japan, the US and elsewhere are being inflated by stimulus, suggesting a picture of economic health. But a correction delayed is not a correction averted

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A man looks at an electronic stock board showing Japan’s Nikkei 225 index on January 22 in Tokyo. While Japanese stock prices are up 60 per cent from six years ago, real GDP has risen just 1 per cent. Photo: AP

It’s remarkable how quickly a limp, lifeless balloon becomes a bouncy, bobbing object ready to take flight once connected to a cylinder of helium gas. We might say the same of national economies and stock market stimulus.

Japan is a good example just now, as is the US while the gas continues to flow from buoyant stock markets, resulting in the “wealth effect”. China, meanwhile, is deflating as falling real estate and stock prices reduce the gas pressure.

But what kind of economic growth is it that depends on injections of gas (maybe financial “liquidity” is a better term) to stimulate and sustain it? It is more apparent than real and it is what economists might term “low quality”.

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The massive liquidity sloshing around in the international financial system – a legacy of monetary stimulus during the global financial crisis and the post-pandemic fiscal stimulus – has confused us as to what real growth is.

Productivity-enhancing capital investments in manufacturing, infrastructure (digital as well physical) and human resources, for example, boost growth rates and absolute gross domestic product. But how many people watch these?

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Instead, a key indicator of economic health that people look to increasingly is the level of a nation’s stock market, and that can be influenced or manipulated by domestic monetary policy and international capital flows.

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