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Opinion | South China Sea: Vietnam’s clandestine island-building is a threat to maritime cooperation with China

  • While Vietnam urges other claimants to halt reclamation work, it quietly continues its own development in the Paracel and Spratly islands, while playing the victim with regard to China. This must stop

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Young people walk past propaganda billboards highlighting Vietnam’s determination to defend its coastal waters and islands, in Hanoi on May 27, 2014. Photo: AFP

Vietnam recently approved a seaport development plan to build modern ports by 2030, including in the disputed Paracel and Spratly islands, to meet its trade needs. Soon after, satellite images revealed fresh reclamation in the contested Spratly Islands of Sand Cay, Namyit Island and Pearson Reef.

At the western end of Namyit Island, more than 17,000 sq m is estimated to have been added recently while a long channel has been dug from the southwest end of Pearson Reef, where excavators and a barge dock were reportedly seen.

Since 1975, Vietnam has occupied 29 islands and reefs in the Spratlys – islands which are also claimed by China. To consolidate its claims of sovereignty and maritime jurisdiction, Vietnam has been building on them.

Of all the South China Sea claimants, Vietnam occupies the largest number of Spratly features and is thought to be the first to build on them and deploy weapons.

Vietnam uses double standards in the disputed South China Sea: urging others to halt reclamation and other work while continuing its own. Over the past few years, it has been upgrading facilities and equipment in the Spratlys, including reportedly newer and longer-range weapons systems.

In 2016, Vietnam installed in the Spratlys what analysts believed to be rocket launchers as part of its Extra – extended range artillery – system acquired from Israel, although Vietnam denied this. The rocket launchers are small but have a powerful range of 150km, capable of covering the entire Spratlys.
Yan Yan
Dr Yan Yan is director of the Research Centre of Oceans Law and Policy in the National Institute for South China Sea Studies (NISCSS). She received her PHD from the University of Hong Kong. Her research covers the law of the sea and maritime security in the Asia-Pacific.
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