They said that two Chinese citizens, businessman Xiaoliang Xu and his associate, interpreter and fellow investor Xie Ping had paid Brazilian company Pangea Mineraçao (Pangea Mining) $3 million of $15 million agreed for 50,000 square metres of wood.

“There were Chinese investors who wanted to extract wood in large quantity from Brazil. They made contact with loggers,” said Everton Aguiar, a federal prosecutor in Amapa’s state capital, Macapa. “They were putting a scheme together and it was defeated.”

Police became interested in the company after an anonymous tip off and began monitoring it.

According to prosecutors, Pangea used another company, Ordena Brasil, to bribe officials from the Amapa Institute of the Environment and Territorial Planning (Imap, in its Portuguese acronym) to issue “forest replacement credits” that are issued to farmers who sustainably harvest wood by replanting deforested areas.

In 2014, a Greenpeace investigation found a similar system being used to “launder” illegally harvested wood in neighbouring Amazon state Para so it could be exported with apparently legal documentation.

Prosecutors said fraudulent credits for nearly 84,000 square metres were identified of which 20,000 square metres worth had been used. It is not clear how much, if any, of the wood was actually exported.

“We discovered that this company Pangea was acting as an intermediary for a group of Chinese [businessmen],” said Joao Bastos, a federal police officer from Macapa who worked on the investigations.

“They paid bribes to staff of a government environmental organ[so they would] grant licences for deforestation.”

One of the suspects, Xiaoliang Xu, was charged on December 10 with racketeering and financial crimes by federal prosecutors in Amapa; his whereabouts are unknown and he has been placed on an Interpol wanted list, police said.

Xie Ping was charged in October with unauthorised deforestation, corruption and racketeering. She is still in Brazil and has not been jailed.

The gang illegally deforested a 6-kilometre strip of forest with plans to reach to start mining gold illegally, Bastos said.

He added that Xie Ping even imported mining machinery from China. She has Brazilian residence and told police she believed all the investments planned were legal, he said.

In October, Luis Costa, the former chief of Imap, was charged with racketeering and inserting false data into public administration systems. He was arrested but has since been released.

Gilberto Rodrigues, Amapa’s state communications secretary, said Costa was “disconnected” from the environment agency in April this year.

“The government always collaborated with the investigations from external control organs and stimulates internal control,” he said in a statement.

Rodrigues said that Amapa state had suffered from a lack of federal government investments in its inspection apparatus, but said that new control mechanisms and disciplinary procedures were being introduced at Imap.

Questions remain over the connections Xiaoliang Xu had been able to establish in Amapa. In February 2016, he was part of a group of Chinese businessmen who met state governor Waldez Góes to discuss investments in the state, communications secretary Rodrigues said.

“This gentleman was part of his committee,” Rodrigues said.

“It is the responsibility of the chief of the state to receive innumerable visitors and investors with interests in developing in the state.”